By adjusting the dot-lead coupling in one dot, shot noise in another system can be modulated from sub- to super-Poissonian in the Coulomb blockade regime. Furthermore, spin injection can induce super-Poissonian shot noises in both dots due to the corporation of spin blockade and Coulomb blockade.”
“Purpose: To prospectively correlate multidetector computed tomographic (CT) perfusion measurement of pancreatic endocrine tumors with tumor microvascular density (MVD) assessed by using histologic techniques and to determine whether perfusion CT parameters differ between tumor grades.

Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained. Thirty-six

patients (15 men, 21 women; mean age, 53 years; range, 18-78 years) with resectable pancreatic endocrine tumors underwent presurgical dynamic perfusion CT. Twenty-eight (78%) of 36 patients were included in the study group; eight were NOV120101 excluded because of artifacts that were not compatible with perfusion postprocessing. Multidetector CT perfusion data were analyzed to calculate tumor and normal pancreatic blood flow, blood volume, mean transit time, and permeability surface area product. Multidetector CT perfusion parameters were compared with intratumoral MVD by using the Spearman correlation coefficient and with World Health Organization (WHO) classification,

tumor size, tumor proliferation index, hormonal profile, and presence of metastases by using Mann-Whitney tests.

Results: High correlation (r = 0.620, P < .001) was observed between tumor blood flow and intratumoral MVD. Blood flow was significantly

higher selleck inhibitor (P = .02) in the group of benign tumors (WHO 1) than in the groups of tumors of indeterminate prognosis (WHO 2) or well-differentiated carcinomas (WHO 3). Blood flow was significantly higher in tumors with a proliferation index of 2% or less (P = .005) and in those without histologic signs of microscopic vascular involvement (P = .008). Mean transit time was longer in tumors with lymph node (P = .02) or liver (P = .05) metastasis.

Conclusion: Perfusion CT is feasible in patients with pancreatic endocrine tumors and reflects MVD. Perfusion CT measurements are Screening Library concentration correlated with histoprognostic factors, such as proliferation index and WHO classification. (C) RSNA, 2008″
“Pathogenicity of strains of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and endophytic strains of Beauveria sp against the bovine tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus was tested in laboratory bioassays and under field conditions. Suspensions containing 10(5), 10(7) and 10(9) conidia/mL were prepared of each fungal strain for laboratory bioassays. The ticks were maintained at 28 degrees C, 90 +/- 5% relative humidity, and the following variables were evaluated: initial female weight, egg weight, hatching percentage, reproductive efficiency, and percentage control.