Consequently, there is a corresponding decrease in the hydrodynam

Consequently, there is a corresponding decrease in the hydrodynamic and electro-potential resistance caused by the contraction. The effect of wall-region width on the flow characteristics is also quantified, demonstrating that the development length increases with increasing wall-region width for widths up to 5 channel widths. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3645194]“
“Objective: The severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) ranges from mild to rapidly fatal. However, the factors

determining the severity are not known. Our objective was to identify statistical associations with NEC severity using a large database.

Method: We conducted a retrospective, multi-institutional, multiyear, study of neonates with confirmed NEC.

Results: www.selleckchem.com/products/sis3.html Two-hundred-twenty neonates with Bell’s stage >= II NEC had 225 NEC episodes (157 stage II and 68 stage III). In the 3 d before NEC was diagnosed, those who went on to stage III disease were more likely to have elevations in C – reactive protein (p<0.0001), immature to total neutrophil ratio (p=0.0005),

and mean platelet volume (p=0.0001), and low pH (p=0.0001) and platelet count (p<0.0001). Regression analysis indicated higher odds that NEC would be severe if there was an antecedent RBC transfusion (p<0.0001) or if the first feedings were not colostrum (p=0.017). The two factors best predicting death from NEC were; (1) a low pH (p=0.0005) and (2) lack of early colostrum (p=0.003).

Conclusions: Nutlin-3 ic50 Milciclib Strategies that reduce the severity of NEC would lower costs and improve outcomes. This study suggests that testable theories to accomplish this include means of;

(1) reducing transfusions and (2) assuring early colostrum feedings.”
“OBJECTIVE To investigate the utility of ultrasonography (US) for assessing and grading facial lypoatrophy (FLA) in patients with HIV.

DESIGN The social effect of FLA is huge and may reduce antiretroviral therapy adherence. Strategies for the early detection of FLA are crucial, because complete correction of FLA in late stages is unlikely.

METHODS Fifty-two HIV-positive patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy underwent US with nasogenian transversal scan using a high- frequency broadband transducer (5-17 MHz) to detect FLA. Intra-and interobserver variability were calculated to assess US reproducibility. Concerning FLA grading, patients were categorized in five clinical classes and four US classes.

RESULTS Our results regarding inter- and intraobserver coefficients of variation permit the validation of US as a reproducible technique (p<.001), and a high correlation between US and clinical classification was obtained, with complete concordance for more advanced FLA classes.

CONCLUSIONS The lack of a reference objective method to quantify subcutaneous fat is a major difficulty in measuring HIV-related FLA.

Comments are closed.