In comparison to Ghana, a top cocoa and gold exporter with similar geographic features, Mozambique has not taken advantage of its resources to develop more sustainably. At the low end of Transparency International’s Corruption Index, Mozambique’s weak institutional infrastructure indicates that the country’s natural resource wealth may, in fact, have a negative impact on the economy (Bucuane and Mulder 2007) and therefore requires a different development model. The first article in this special issue examines climate change impacts and adaptation options in Mozambique using modeling approaches. Thurlow and co-authors present a modeling framework

that investigates the range of impacts on Mozambique’s

environment and economy by using the wettest Berzosertib and driest climate scenarios, at global and local levels. The first striking result is the contrasting impact depending on whether the extreme scenarios GS-4997 in vivo were local or global. The authors predict that the frequency of most severe floods will double or quadruple under the global extreme scenarios, but will remain about the same in the local wet/dry scenarios. Crop yields show both negative and positive impacts under most conditions, but the authors found that hydropower generation and road networks will suffer negative long-term impacts from just about all climate change scenarios. The study concludes with transport, agriculture,

and education adaptation strategies. In his article, Ernest Moula introduces a different variable, gender, into the analysis of climate change impacts on agricultural yield in Cameroon where three quarters of food crop farmers are women. The study shows how women, whose farms often earn lower profits, adapt to uncertainties in yield versus those of men, relying less on adaptations that require extensive resource use, and are less likely to consider migration. In general, farmers are willing to employ Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) various risk management options to deal with uncertain weather patterns, and women tend to shift to crops that require less work and investment when responding to rainfall signals. Women were also found to be less likely to resort to labor migration in times of low farm productivity. The next two articles examine the institutional limitations in implementing government policies for water sanitation in Tanzania and Environmental Impact Assessment in Malawi focusing on the policy implementation process led by various Dasatinib levels of governments. The contributors assess how these policies facilitate the engagement of relevant stakeholders in the project. Jimenez and Perez-Foguet explore the decentralization of responsibilities to regional governments and village councils towards ensuring adequate water supply to rural communities.